What Are xmlns and xmlns:x in WPF? Understanding XML Namespace Declarations

In WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation), xmlns and xmlns:x are XML namespace declarations used in XAML files. They define the scope of XML namespaces, which are used to distinguish between elements and attributes that might have the same name but are used in different contexts. xmlns : The Default XML Namespace Definition : xmlns stands for XML namespace. It is used to declare the default namespace for the elements in the XAML file. Purpose : In WPF, it typically maps to the .NET namespaces that contain the classes and controls used in WPF applications. This default namespace allows you to use the WPF controls and elements without prefixing them. Example : <Window x:Class="WpfApp.MainWindow"    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    ... > <Grid>        <Button Content="Click Me"/>     </Grid> </Window> Here, xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" sets...

How to edit selected row of DataGrid and add the new row to DataGrid

MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="WpfEx.Views.MainWindow"
       xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
       xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
       xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
       xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
       xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfEx"
       mc:Ignorable="d">
  <StackPanel>

<DataGrid ItemsSource="{Binding LstStudents}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedStudent}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Height="200" Width="200" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
           <DataGrid.Columns>
               <DataGridTextColumn Header="Name" Binding="{Binding Name}"/>
               <DataGridTextColumn Header="Roll" Binding="{Binding Roll}"/>
           </DataGrid.Columns>
       </DataGrid>
       <Button Content="Edit Selected row" Command="{Binding EditSelectedRowCommand}" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="150"/>
       <Button Content="Add row" Command="{Binding AddRowCommand}" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="150"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>

MainWindow.xaml.cs

 public partial class MainWindow : Window
   {
     
       public MainWindow()
       {
           InitializeComponent();
             DataContext= new MainWindowViewModel(); 
       }

   }

MainWindowViewModel.cs

 public class MainWindowViewModel : BindableBase
   {
       public MainWindowViewModel()
       {
           EditSelectedRowCommand = new DelegateCommand(EditRow);
           AddRowCommand = new DelegateCommand(AddRow);

    LstStudents =new ObservableCollection<Student>
           {
               new Student
               {
                   Name="ABC",
                   Roll=1
               },
               new Student
               {
                   Name="DEF",
                   Roll=2
               }
           };         
       }

       private void AddRow()
       {
           var studentToAdd = new Student();
           var addWindow = new Add(studentToAdd);
         
           var window = new Window
           {
               Title = "Add Student",
               Content = addWindow
           };

           addWindow.AddStudent.Click += (s, e) =>
     {
      LstStudents.Add(studentToAdd);
     window.Close();
    };
   
           window.Show();
       }

       private void EditRow()
       {
    var editWindow = new Window
           {
               Title="Edit Selected Student",
               Content = new Edit(SelectedStudent)
           };
           editWindow.Show();
       }

       private ObservableCollection<Student> _lstStudents =
    new ObservableCollection<Student>();

       public ObservableCollection<Student> LstStudents
       {
           get { return _lstStudents; }
           set { SetProperty(ref _lstStudents, value); }
       }

       private Student _selectedStudent=new Student();

       public Student SelectedStudent
       {
           get { return _selectedStudent; }
           set { SetProperty(ref _selectedStudent ,value); }
       }

       public ICommand EditSelectedRowCommand { get; set; }
       public ICommand AddRowCommand { get; set; }

}

Student.cs

public partial class Student
   {

       public int Roll { get; set; }
       public string Name { get; set; }
   }

Add.xaml

<UserControl x:Class=" WpfEx.Views.Add"
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            xmlns:local="clr-namespace: WpfEx.Views"
            mc:Ignorable="d" >
   <Grid>
       <Grid.RowDefinitions>
           <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
           <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
           <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
       </Grid.RowDefinitions>
       <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="100"/>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
       </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
       <TextBlock Text="Name : "/>
       <TextBox Width="200" Text="{Binding Name}" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
     
       <TextBlock Text="Roll : " Grid.Row="1"/>
       <TextBox Width="200" Text="{Binding Roll}"  Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" Margin="5"  HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
       <Button Content="Add" x:Name="AddStudent" Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Right" x:FieldModifier="public" Margin="5" Width="150"/>

   </Grid>
</UserControl>

Add.xaml.cs

public partial class Add : UserControl
   {
       public Add(Student student)
       {
           InitializeComponent();
           DataContext = student;
       }
   }

Edit.xaml

<UserControl x:Class=" WpfEx.Views.Edit"
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            xmlns:local="clr-namespace: WpfEx.Views"
            mc:Ignorable="d"
            d:DesignHeight="450" d:DesignWidth="800">
   <Grid>
       <Grid.RowDefinitions>
           <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
           <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
       </Grid.RowDefinitions>
       <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="100"/>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
       </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
       <TextBlock Text="Name : "/>
       <TextBox Width="200" Text="{Binding Name}" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
     
       <TextBlock Text="Roll : " Grid.Row="1"/>
       <TextBox Width="200" Text="{Binding Roll}"  Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" Margin="5"  HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
   </Grid>
</UserControl>

Edit.xaml.cs

public partial class Edit : UserControl
   {
       public Edit(Student student)
       {
           InitializeComponent();
           DataContext = student;
       }
   }

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