What is XAML in WPF? Explained with Simple Examples

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In this article, we’ll dive into one of the core building blocks of WPF — XAML. We’ll explore how it works and why it plays such an important role in building modern desktop applications. What is XAML? XAML stands for eXtensible Application Markup Language. It’s a markup language used to design the user interface in WPF applications. XAML allows developers and designers to work separately, making the code cleaner and easier to manage. Think of it as HTML for WPF apps. XAML Syntax XAML uses XML-style syntax. Every UI element is an XML tag. Attributes define properties like height, width, and content. You can also nest elements inside others to create more complex layouts. For example, placing a TextBlock inside a Grid layout. <Grid>     <TextBlock Text="Hello, WPF World!"                 Width="200"                 Height="50"              ...
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How to apply theme and color in wpf Metro window application

In this example i am using Prism,unity and MahApps make sure you are also using same otherwise you will not get PrismApplication,BindableBase and MetroWindow.

 MainWindow.xaml

 <metro:MetroWindow x:Class="WpfApplication.Views.MainWindow"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
             xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApplication"
             mc:Ignorable="d"
             xmlns:metro="http://metro.mahapps.com/winfx/xaml/controls"
             xmlns:i="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Interactivity;assembly=System.Windows.Interactivity"
             Title="Welcome To Metro ui with Prism Unity">
     <metro:MetroWindow.RightWindowCommands>
         <metro:WindowCommands>
             <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding LstTheme}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedTheme}" Width="100" Background="Transparent" BorderBrush="Transparent">
                 <i:Interaction.Triggers>
                     <i:EventTrigger EventName="SelectionChanged">
                         <i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding DataContext.ApplyThemeCommand,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ComboBox}}}"/>
                     </i:EventTrigger>
                 </i:Interaction.Triggers>
                 <ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
                     <DataTemplate>
                         <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                             <Ellipse Width="20" Height="20" Fill="{Binding Value}"/>
                             <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                         </StackPanel>
                     </DataTemplate>
                 </ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
             </ComboBox>
             <ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding LstColor}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedColor}" Width="100" Background="Transparent" BorderBrush="Transparent">
                 <i:Interaction.Triggers>
                     <i:EventTrigger EventName="SelectionChanged">
                         <i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding DataContext.ApplyColorCommand,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type ComboBox}}}"/>
                     </i:EventTrigger>
                 </i:Interaction.Triggers>
                 <ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
                     <DataTemplate>
                         <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                             <Ellipse Width="20" Height="20" Fill="{Binding Value}"/>
                             <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
                         </StackPanel>
                     </DataTemplate>
                 </ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
             </ComboBox>
         </metro:WindowCommands>


     </metro:MetroWindow.RightWindowCommands>
     <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center">
         <!--here i used DynamicResource for Foreground/Background because i want to dynamically change the color-->
         <TextBlock Height="30" Width="200" Text="This is TextBlock" Margin="5" Foreground="{DynamicResource AccentBaseColorBrush}"/>
         <Button Content="This is Button" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="200" Background="{DynamicResource AccentBaseColorBrush}"/>
     </StackPanel>
 </metro:MetroWindow>

 MainWindow.xaml.cs

   public partial class MainWindow : MetroWindow
     {
         public MainWindow()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
             DataContext = new MainWindowViewModel();
         }

     }


 MainWindowViewModel.cs

 public class MainWindowViewModel : BindableBase
    {

        public MainWindowViewModel()
        {
            ApplyThemeCommand = new DelegateCommand(ApplyTheme);
            ApplyColorCommand = new DelegateCommand(ApplyColor);

            _lstTheme = new ObservableCollection<NameValue>()
            {
                new NameValue() {Name = "Light", Value = "White"},
                new NameValue() {Name = "Dark", Value = "Black"}
            };

            SelectedTheme = LstTheme[0];

            _lstColor = new ObservableCollection<NameValue>()
            {
                new NameValue() {Name = "blue", Value = "#2196F3"},
                new NameValue() {Name = "red", Value = "#e52400"},
                new NameValue() {Name = "green", Value = "#60a917"},

                new NameValue() {Name = "purple", Value = "#800080"},
                new NameValue() {Name = "orange", Value = "#fa6800"}

            };

            SelectedColor = _lstColor[0];
        }

        private void ApplyColor()
        {
            ApplyThemeColor();
        }

        private void ApplyTheme()
        {
            ApplyThemeColor();
        }
        private void ApplyThemeColor()
        {
            try
            {
                var accent = SelectedColor.Name ?? LstColor[0].Name;
                var theme = SelectedTheme.Name ?? LstTheme[0].Name;
                Accent newAccent = ThemeManager.GetAccent(accent);
                AppTheme newTheme = ThemeManager.GetAppTheme("Base" + theme);
                ThemeManager.ChangeAppStyle(Application.Current, newAccent, newTheme);
            }
            catch (System.Exception ex)
            {


            }
        }


        private ObservableCollection<NameValue> _lstTheme;

        public ObservableCollection<NameValue> LstTheme
        {
            get { return _lstTheme; }
            set { SetProperty(ref _lstTheme, value); }
        }


        private ObservableCollection<NameValue> _lstColor;

        public ObservableCollection<NameValue> LstColor
        {
            get { return _lstColor; }
            set { SetProperty(ref _lstColor, value); }
        }
        private NameValue _selectedColor;

        public NameValue SelectedColor
        {
            get { return _selectedColor; }
            set { SetProperty(ref _selectedColor, value); }
        }

        private NameValue _selectedTheme;

        public NameValue SelectedTheme
        {
            get { return _selectedTheme; }
            set { SetProperty(ref _selectedTheme, value); }
        }

        public ICommand ApplyThemeCommand { get; set; }
        public ICommand ApplyColorCommand { get; set; }

    }

 NameValue.cs

  public class NameValue : BindableBase
     {

         private string _name;

         public string Name
         {
             get { return _name; }
             set { SetProperty(ref _name, value); }
         }
         private string _value;

         public string Value
         {
             get { return _value; }
             set { SetProperty(ref _value, value); }
         }

     }


 App.xaml

 <prism:PrismApplication x:Class="WpfApplication.App"
              xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
              xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
              xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApplication"
              xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/">
     <Application.Resources>
         <ResourceDictionary>
             <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>

                 <!-- MahApps.Metro resource dictionaries. Make sure that all file names are Case Sensitive! -->
                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Controls.xaml"/>

                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Fonts.xaml"/>
                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Colors.xaml"/>

                 <!-- Accent and AppTheme setting -->
                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/Blue.xaml" />
                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/BaseLight.xaml" />
             </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
         </ResourceDictionary>
     </Application.Resources>
 </prism:PrismApplication>

 App.xaml.cs

  public partial class App : PrismApplication
     {
         IUnityContainer _container;
         protected override Window CreateShell()
         {
             return _container.Resolve<MainWindow>();
         }
         protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
         {
             _container = containerRegistry.GetContainer();
         }
     }




Dark themes

Light theme






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